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When Your Buyer Is an AI Agent

In 2021, Maersk, the world’s largest container shipping company, deployed AI agents from a startup called Pactum to negotiate freight lane contracts with its carrier suppliers. The objective was for AI agents to handle negotiations autonomously rather than merely support human procurement staff. Operating entirely autonomously, the system manages the end-to-end agreement process, from reaching

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Is Open-Source AI Really the Dangerous Path?

The following article originally appeared on the Tech Policy Press site and is being republished here with the author’s permission. In Washington, AI is increasingly being treated as something that needs to be controlled. The government believes that AI is, first and foremost, a national security asset, meaning that it must be sequestered to prevent

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What’s an Orchestrator—and Why Does Software Need One?

The following article originally appeared on Medium and is being republished here with the author’s permission. Everybody’s talking about the death of developers. I get it. The developer whose job was to write boilerplate or scaffold CRUD apps is done—a model can do that in seconds, and that developer is not coming back. But the

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When AI Writes the Code, Specifications Need an Exit Strategy

The following article has been extended and rewritten by Markus Eisele from The Main Thread and is being republished here with the author’s permission. Open a repository after six months of spec-driven agent work and you may find a second system sitting next to the code. Requirements, research notes, high-level designs, low-level designs, implementation plans,

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Why “It Depends” Is the Most Future-Proof Phrase in Software

Ask an architect almost any question and you’ll get the same answer: It depends. For years this answer has been the punchline of jokes about architects, but in an era when AI can generate a working service faster than you can describe it, “it depends” is one of the most important phrases in software. It

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The Two Pillars of Post-training: Reinforcement Learning and Supervised Fine-Tuning

This is the second article in Sharon Zhou’s post-training series. Read part 1 here. In the first post of this series, you learned how post-training closed the fundamental gap in usability of LLMs by making them behave in a certain way. In this post, you’ll explore specific techniques you can use to change a model’s

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