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The Two Pillars of Post-training: Reinforcement Learning and Supervised Fine-Tuning

ai, AI (Artificial Intelligence), AI & ML, Artificial Intelligence, Commentary

This is the second article in Sharon Zhou’s post-training series. Read part 1 here. In the first post of this series, you learned how post-training closed the fundamental gap in usability of LLMs by making them behave in a certain way. In this post, you’ll explore specific techniques you can use to change a model’s […]

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Why You Shouldn’t Always Trust LLMs as Judges: Understanding Bias in Automated Evaluation

ai, AI (Artificial Intelligence), Artificial Intelligence, LLMs

In the rush to automate evaluation, from grading student code to ranking research papers, we have embraced Large Language Models as judges. They are fast. These units are cheap. They scale. However, at a workshop at DHS 2026, Bhaskarjit Sarmah made a point that stuck with me: “you can’t trust LLM as a judge. I

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Protocol-Layer Security for MCP, A2A, and Agent Gateways

ai, AI (Artificial Intelligence), Artificial Intelligence

TL;DR MCP, A2A, and agent gateways are becoming the connectivity layer for enterprise agents, but the security model cannot stop at “the agent has a token.” Teams need protocol-layer controls that understand who is calling, which agent is acting, which tool or peer agent is being invoked, what operation is requested, and whether the request

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Tarantula Nebula: NASA uncovers how its hot gas may be escaping

ai, AI (Artificial Intelligence), Artificial Intelligence

Recent observations of the Tarantula Nebula have unveiled surprising findings: a lower count of young stars and diminished X-ray gas activity. Contrary to expectations, astronomers noted that the powerful winds generated by stars aren’t creating as much X-ray gas as anticipated. Instead, it appears that hot gas is escaping through shell walls while cold gas

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Dogs can read human emotions! Scientists want you to smile

ai, AI (Artificial Intelligence), Artificial Intelligence

New research confirms dogs can differentiate human emotions through facial expressions. Their brains process happy faces in a unique reward region, showing emotional significance. Dogs also distinguish between fear, anger, and sadness with distinct brain activity patterns. This ability developed through domestication, aiding their social understanding of humans. Understanding these emotions does not mean dogs

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AI was supposed to destroy jobs. Where’s the carnage?

ai, AI (Artificial Intelligence), Artificial Intelligence, Technology, Unemployment, US news, US unemployment and employment statistics, US unions, US work & careers, Workers' rights

The AI jobs apocalypse never showed up. Still, jobs are changing and economists expect more to come.The prediction was stark: artificial intelligence advancements would wipe out jobs en masse. “Half” of all entry-level white collar jobs would vanish, Anthropic’s CEO, Dario Amodei, said in May 2025. A month later, OpenAI’s CEO, Sam Altman, went further,

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