IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning Systems, Volume 37, Issue 9, September 2026

1) Recent Advances of Multimodal Continual Learning: A Comprehensive Survey

Author(s): D. Yu, X. Zhang, Y. Chen, A. Liu, Y. Zhang, P. S. Yu, I. King

Pages: 4014 – 4034

2) Rethinking the Utilization of Individual Rewards in Multiagent Reinforcement Learning With Sparse Team Rewards

Author(s): Y. Zhang, Y. Xu, C. Zhang, C. Wang, Z. Yang, B. Tang, E. Chung

Pages: 4035 – 4049

3) Incomplete Multimodal Federated Learning via Masking and Contrasting Prototypes

Author(s): G. Bao, Q. Zhang, D. Miao, Z. Gong, C. Chen, L. Hu, L. Cao

Pages: 4050 – 4062

4) Using Class and Domain Information to Address Domain Shift in Federated Learning

Author(s): C. -Y. Chiou, C. -R. Huang, L. L. Latour, Y. C. Fann, P. -C. Chung

Pages: 4063 – 4077

5) ZK-HybridFL: Zero-Knowledge Proof-Enhanced Hybrid Ledger for Federated Learning

Author(s): A. Taherpour, X. Wang

Pages: 4078 – 4092

6) Neural-Adaptive Finite-Time Consensus Tracking of Singular Multiagent Systems With Actuator Attack

Author(s): X. Liu, Y. Yan, Y. Xie, X. Wu

Pages: 4093 – 4105

7) Dual-Teacher and Dual-Prompt Pool for Few-Shot Dialog State Tracking

Author(s): D. Wu, Y. Li, Z. Yu

Pages: 4106 – 4120

8) A Multiobjective Evolutionary Algorithm Based on Bipopulation With Uniform Sampling for Neural Architecture Search

Author(s): Y. Xue, P. Jiang, C. Zhu, Y. Zhang, R. Cheng, K. Gao, D. Gong

Pages: 4121 – 4135

9) Benefiting From OOD Samples in Open-Set Semi-Supervised Object Detection

Author(s): Y. Zou, K. Wang, J. Li, C. Wang, S. Liu, L. Lin, G. Li

Pages: 4136 – 4150

10) Logits-Level Balanced Machine Unlearning for LLM-Based Recommendation System

Author(s): C. Tan, X. Li, Y. Qu, C. Chen, S. Cui, L. Gao

Pages: 4151 – 4165

11) Unsupervised Deep Spectral Basis Learning for Generalized Eigendecomposition and Spectral Embedding

Author(s): D. Sun, Y. Pei, T. Wang

Pages: 4166 – 4178

12) ITS-ShipFormer: An Informative Token Selection Former for SAR Ship Recognition

Author(s): Y. Shang, W. Pu, C. Wu, Y. Huang, Y. Zhang, J. Wu, J. Yang, J. Wu

Pages: 4179 – 4193

13) Gauss–Newton Temporal Difference Learning With Nonlinear Function Approximation

Author(s): Z. Ke, J. Zhang, Z. Wen

Pages: 4194 – 4203

14) NPSVC++: A Representation Learning Framework for Nonparallel Classifiers

Author(s): J. Zhang, Z. Lai, J. Zhou, G. Liang

Pages: 4204 – 4218

15) Fine-Grained Analysis of Nonparametric Estimation for Pairwise Learning

Author(s): J. Zhou, S. Huang, H. Feng, P. Wang, D. -X. Zhou

Pages: 4219 – 4230

16) Fortifying Robustness in Graph Neural Networks: A Loss Correction Approach to Mitigate Label Noise

Author(s): I. -C. Hsieh, C. -T. Li

Pages: 4231 – 4245

17) TCPFMC: Trustworthy Cyclic Progressive Fusion for Multimodal Classification

Author(s): A. Li, D. Miao, T. Gao, S. Mei, F. Gu, C. Chen, A. Wang, H. Fan, X. Liu

Pages: 4246 – 4260

18) Beyond Subject-Specific Models in Dynamical Human–Machine Interaction: Benchmarking and Optimization Strategies

Author(s): L. Manneschi, M. O. A. Ellis, E. Donati

Pages: 4261 – 4274

19) Redundancy Removal and Knowledge Alignment-Based Personalized Federated Learning for Online Condition Monitoring

Author(s): J. Ji, H. Li, K. X. Lai, Y. Zheng, X. Jiang

Pages: 4275 – 4289

20) K-Free Dependence Bayesian Classifiers

Author(s): K. Meng, H. Zhang, L. Jiang, P. Lv, S. He, M. Xu

Pages: 4290 – 4303

21) PerC-SimAM-BLSTM: Position Perception Circular Convolution With Simple Attention Mechanism Based on BLSTM for Bundle Branch Block Detection

Author(s): J. Wang, B. Shi

Pages: 4304 – 4314

22) DPIU: Dynamic Pedestrian Intention Understanding Through Cognitive Decision-Making

Author(s): J. Xiao, Z. Li, M. Wang, Y. Xie, Q. Ma, X. Wang, Y. Sun

Pages: 4315 – 4329

23) Robust Image-Based Visual Servoing Formation Control for Quadrotors Without Communication via Reinforcement Learning

Author(s): X. Yi, H. Liu, H. Duan, B. Luo, S. Zuo

Pages: 4330 – 4341

24) Fractional-Order Dynamics Learning and Control via Data-Driven Approaches: Taking Soft Manipulator as an Example

Author(s): X. Shao, L. Xu, S. Zhang, G. Sun, C. Wu

Pages: 4342 – 4356

25) A Push-Pull Network Mechanism Revealed by Describing Function Analysis for Alzheimer’s Pathological Oscillations

Author(s): C. Liu, W. Li, S. Wang, J. Wang, J. Wang, H. Wu, K. A. Loparo, C. Fietkiewicz

Pages: 4357 – 4368

26) Global Polynomial Synchronization of Uncertain Complex-Valued Reaction–Diffusion T–S Fuzzy Memristive Neural Networks With Proportional Delays Under Adaptive Event-Triggered Control

Author(s): Y. Guo, L. Zhou

Pages: 4369 – 4380

27) Rederived Closed-Form Continuous-Time Neural Networks

Author(s): X. Liang, S. Zhou, L. Chen, L. Weng, H. Lin, Y. Huang, M. Xia

Pages: 4381 – 4395

28) TSFA: A Two-Stage Feature Alignment Method for Unsupervised Open-Set Domain Adaptation in Time-Series Classification

Author(s): Q. Wang, D. Ma, L. Zhang, Z. Tian, S. Du

Pages: 4396 – 4408

29) Multistage PCA Whitening: A Robust Method to Dimensionality Reduction in Image Retrieval

Author(s): B. -J. Zhang, G. -H. Liu, Z. Li, S. -X. Song

Pages: 4409 – 4423

30) Multiscale Switch for Semi-Supervised and Contrastive Learning in Medical Ultrasound Image Segmentation

Author(s): J. Qu, X. Han, Y. Pu, M. -L. Chui, S. T. Gunda, Z. Chen, J. Qin, A. D. King, W. C. -W. Chu, J. Cai, M. T. -C. Ying

Pages: 4424 – 4438

31) A Neural-Network-Assisted Approach to Recursive State Estimation for Energy Harvesting Complex Networks With Unknown Nonlinearities

Author(s): Y. Zhang, Z. Wang, L. Zou, J. Du, S. -H. Yang

Pages: 4439 – 4453

32) GeNeX: Genetic Network eXperts Framework for Addressing Validation Overfitting

Author(s): E. Pintelas, I. E. Livieris

Pages: 4454 – 4468

33) Coupled Impulsive Control for Multisynchronization of Multistable Stochastic Neural Networks Under Parameter Uncertainties

Author(s): X. Li, S. Zhu, Z. Zhang, W. Luo, S. Wen

Pages: 4469 – 4481

34) Focus on Your Focus (FOYF): Cross-Domain Few-Shot Semantic Segmentation by Attention Specialization

Author(s): J. Xu, Z. Wei, Z. Huang, G. Ma, Y. Liu

Pages: 4482 – 4492

35) Topology-Optimal Multiple Gossip Steps for Decentralized Federated Learning via Gossip Tensor

Author(s): Y. Zhong, L. Ma, X. Yan

Pages: 4493 – 4506

36) Toward Robust End-to-End Delay Prediction: A GNN Approach With Routing-Aware Attention and Masked Subgraph Sampling

Author(s): Z. Wang, Y. Chen, D. Liu, H. Wang, Y. Zhou, W. Zheng

Pages: 4507 – 4518

37) CIRCUS: A Causal Intervention-Based Framework for Enhancing Counterfactual Fairness in Trained Classifiers

Author(s): Q. Yang, Y. Deng, J. Huang, L. Lu, P. Zhou, G. Min

Pages: 4519 – 4533

38) A Deep Learning Approach for Dynamic Modeling of Stimulated Raman Scattering in Chalcogenide Microstructured Optical Fibers

Author(s): J. Fu, Y. Liu, Q. Wang, M. Pan, T. Cheng

Pages: 4534 – 4548

39) Novel Meta Mode-Adaptive Multihead Attention for Multimode Industrial Process Soft Sensing

Author(s): Y. -L. He, Y. -B. Zhao, Y. Xu, Q. -X. Zhu, P. -F. Wang

Pages: 4549 – 4558

40) Robust Reinforcement Learning via Leveraging Historically Optimal Policy With Regulation of Performance

Author(s): Q. Chen, F. Zhu

Pages: 4559 – 4573

41) Deterministic Learning-Based Fault Identification for Nonlinear Sampled-Data Systems: Learning Accuracy Analysis

Author(s): T. Chen, J. He, J. Hu, C. Wang

Pages: 4574 – 4586

42) Bilateral Sharpness-Aware Minimization for Flatter Minima

Author(s): J. Deng, J. Pang, B. Zhang, Q. Huang

Pages: 4587 – 4596

43) Spatiotemporal Decoupled Learning for Spiking Neural Networks

Author(s): C. Ma, X. Chen, K. C. Tan, J. Wu

Pages: 4597 – 4611

44) Adaptive Niching-Based Gradient-Accelerated Differential Evolution for High-Dimensional Nonconvex Optimization

Author(s): Q. Yu, X. Liang, J. Liu, P. Tian, L. Jian

Pages: 4612 – 4624

45) An Enhanced Low-Computational-Complexity Predefined-Time Convergent Zeroing Neural Network for Constrained Time-Varying Quadratic Programming With Kinematic Control of Robotic Manipulator

Author(s): J. Yang, Z. Li, W. Li

Pages: 4625 – 4637

46) Seeing What Few-Shot Learners See: Contrastive Cross-Class Attribution for Explainability

Author(s): L. Chen, P. Hu, Z. Liu

Pages: 4638 – 4652

47) Enhancing Stability of Probabilistic Model-Based Reinforcement Learning by Adaptive Noise Filtering

Author(s): W. Huang, X. Yue, Y. Chen, T. Sun, Y. Cui

Pages: 4653 – 4665

48) CoreKD: A Context-Aware Local Region Structural Contrastive Knowledge Distillation Framework for Object Detection

Author(s): J. Yi, J. Mao, Y. Wang, T. Liu, M. Li, K. Zeng, H. Zhang, X. Chang

Pages: 4666 – 4680

49) Prompt Then Refine: Prompt-Free SAM-Enhanced Collaborative Learning Network for Detecting Salient Objects in Underwater Images

Author(s): W. Zhou, B. Tang, X. Dong, F. Qiang

Pages: 4681 – 4695

50) Rethinking Spectral Graph Neural Networks With Spatially Adaptive Filtering

Author(s): J. Guo, K. Huang, X. Yi, Z. Su, R. Zhang

Pages: 4696 – 4710

51) Learning From M-Tuple One-vs-All Confidence Comparison Data

Author(s): J. Qin, J. Li, C. Hua, Y. Yang

Pages: 4711 – 4725

52) Sparse Variational Student-t Processes for Heavy-Tailed Modeling

Author(s): J. Xu, D. Zeng, J. Paisley

Pages: 4726 – 4739

53) Learning Optimal Policies With Local Observations for Cooperative Multiagent Reinforcement Learning

Author(s): H. Kong, Q. Xing, Q. Wang, H. Chen, R. Niu, Z. Duan, S. Wang, Y. Chang, I. King

Pages: 4740 – 4754

54) When Optimal Transport Meets Photo-Realistic Image Dehazing With Unpaired Training

Author(s): Y. Wen, T. Gao, S. Liang, D. Zhang, Z. Li, J. Qin, T. Chen

Pages: 4755 – 4769

55) Bridging Distribution Gaps in Time Series Foundation Model Pretraining With Prototype-Guided Normalization

Author(s): P. Gong, E. Eldele, M. Wu, Z. Chen, X. Li, D. Zhang

Pages: 4770 – 4784

56) Accelerated Reinforcement Learning With Verifiable Excitation for Cubic Convergence

Author(s): J. Wu, C. Wen, Y. Zhu

Pages: 4785 – 4798

57) Hybrid Action-Based Reinforcement Learning for Multiobjective Compatible Autonomous Driving

Author(s): G. Jin, Z. Li, B. Leng, W. Han, L. Xiong, C. Sun

Pages: 4799 – 4812

58) Differentially Private Accelerated Distributed Algorithm for Aggregative Optimization

Author(s): B. Liu, D. Li, L. Chai

Pages: 4813 – 4823

59) Anti-Disturbance Proximal Neural Networks for Composite Resource Allocation

Author(s): L. Luan, S. Qi, S. Qin

Pages: 4824 – 4834

60) Multiobjective Simulated Annealing-Based Stopwords Substitution for Rubbish Text Attack

Author(s): C. Li, X. Yang, A. Wang, Y. Gong, B. Liu, W. Liu

Pages: 4835 – 4848

61) Semantic Prompt and Graph-Convolution-Structure Distillation Framework for Semantic Segmentation of Remote Sensing Images

Author(s): W. Zhou, J. Xie, C. Xu

Pages: 4849 – 4862

62) TopoCL: Topological Contrastive Learning for Time Series

Author(s): N. Kim, H. Baik, Y. Yoon

Pages: 4863 – 4874

63) Hybrid Convolution Reparameterization for Efficient Deep Learning-Based Nonprecipitation Echo Recognition and Removal

Author(s): J. Si, L. Han, L. Zhang, C. Li

Pages: 4875 – 4889

64) Fusion of Supervised Feature Selection and Unsupervised Clustering for Multinuclei Classification of MER Signals in DBS for Parkinson’s Disease

Author(s): X. Lu, X. Du, P. Lun, Y. Ren

Pages: 4890 – 4904

65) Policy-Adjustable Q-Learning for Data-Driven Nonlinear Optimal Tracking Control

Author(s): J. Chen, D. Gong, Y. Zhao, S. Song, M. Zhu

Pages: 4905 – 4912